Juodraštis. Gotų kalbos žodžiai

Čia tik šiaip probėgšmiais vakar vakare kai ką pasižymėjau iš germaniškos gotų kalbos etimologinio žodyno ir susidėjau čia, kad nepasimestų. Vėliau papildysiu.

DALELYTĖS

ne (nei) [akin to Eng no] : no, nist = ni ist. Deriv. ni not, nih not, niu is it not?. Comp. niba (nibai) when not
~ lie. ne.

thar [akin to Eng there] : there. Deriv. tharei where, tharuh and there
~ la. tur - ten.

jabai [akin to ibai] : if
~ lie. jeib, jeigu.

ASMENINIAI ĮVARDŽIAI

thu [akin to Ger du] : you. Deriv. theins your, thuk, thukei, thus, thuzei of you
~ lie. tu.

jus [akin to Eng you] : you. Deriv. juzei you that
~ lie. jūs.

thai [akin to Eng they] : they. Deriv. thaim them, thammei so that
~ lie. tie.

SKAITVARDŽIAI

threis (thrij-) [akin to Eng three] : three. Deriv. thridja third. Comp. threis tigjus (acc. thrins tiguns, thrije tigiwe) thirty, thrija hunda three hundred
~ lie. trys.

ahtau [akin to Eng eight] : eight. Comp. ahtaudogs of eight days, ahtautehund eighty, ahtuda eighth
~ lie. aštuoni.

GIMINYSTĖS RYŠIAI IR PAN.

wair (Crim. fers) [akin to Lat vir] : man. Comp. wairaleiks (*) masculine
~ lie. vyras.

sunus [akin to Eng son] : son.
~ lie. sūnus.

swaihra [akin to Ger Schwieger-] : in-law
~ lie. svainis, švogeris.

widuwo (widowo) [akin to Eng widow] : widow. Deriv. widuwairna orphaned
~ lie. vesti, vedęs.

liugan : marry. Deriv. liuga marriage. Comp. galiugan marry, unliugaiths unmarried
~ la. līgava - nuotaka, jaunoji; sužadėtinė, sužieduotinė; līgava un līgavainis - jaunieji, jaunavedžiai; līgavainis (gen. pl. ~aiņu) , jaunikis, jaunasis; sužadėtinis, sužieduotinis.

LAIKAS

teins (*) [akin to OEng tir, splendor] : day. Comp. sinteins every day, sinteino forever
~ lie. diena.

nahts [akin to Eng night] : night. Comp. andanahti evening, nahtamats evening meal
~ lie. naktis.

GAMTA IR MITOLOGIJA

theihwo [akin to Rus tucha, wet cloud] : thunder
~ lie. deivas.

fairguni [akin to Eng fir] : mountain
~ lie. Perkūnas, (Hetų peruna – uola, sen. hindu parvata – kalva).

saiws [akin to Eng sea] : sea. Deriv. saiwala soul. Comp. marisaiws sea, samasaiwals unanimous
~ lie. siela.

alhs [akin to OEng alhs] : temple
~ lie. alkas.

airtha [akin to Eng earth] : earth. Deriv. airtheins earthen. Comp. airthakunds earth-born
~ lie. erčia?

sauil (VC) [akin to Lat sol, Swe sol] : sun
~ lie. saulė.

mena (Crim. mine) [akin to Eng moon] : moon. Deriv. menoths month
~ lie. mėnulis.

austro (*) [akin to Eng east] : east. Comp. Austrogothi, Ostrogoths
~ lie. auštra, auštrinis.

hallus (Crim. ael) [akin to Eng hill] : cliff, stone
~ lie. kalva, kalnas.

grundus (*) [akin to Eng ground] : ground. Deriv. grunditha (*) ground. Comp. afgrunditha abyss, grunduwaddjus foundation wall
~ lie. gruntas, grumstas etc.

marei (mari-) [akin to Ger Meer] : sea. Comp. marikreitus pearl, marisaiws sea
~ lie. marios.

nadrs [akin to Eng adder] : water-snake
~ pr. anxdris – žaltys.

ara [akin to Eng erne] : eagle
~ lie. aras.

aihwus (*) (VC) [akin to Lat equus] : horse. Comp. aihwatundi thornbush.
~ lie. ašva, ašvienis.

asilus [b. fr. Lat asinus] : ass. Comp. asiluqairnus millstone
~ lie. asilas.

awis (*) [akin to Eng ewe] : ewe. Deriv. awethi shepherd, awistr sheep-pen
~ lie. avis.

waurms [akin to Eng worm] : worm
~ lie. varmas.

KŪNAS

auso [akin to Eng ear] : ear
~ lie. ausis.

hals [akin to Ger Hals] : neck. Comp. freihals freedom
~ lie. kaklas.

nagls (*) [akin to Eng nail] : nail. Deriv. nagljan (*) nail. Comp. ganagljan nail
~ lie. nagas

lofa [akin to Eng -love in glove] : hand
~ rus. лапа.

tunthus [akin to Eng tooth] : tooth
~ lie. dantis.

lithus [akin to Ger Glied] : limb. Comp. uslitha Gichtbruechiger
~ lie. lytis (kai kurios reikšmės).

haili (*) (Crim. iel) [akin to Eng whole] : health. Deriv. hailag (*) holy, hails whole, healthy, hailjan heal, hailnan (*) heal. Comp. gahailjan heal, gahailnan be whole, gahails whole, healthy, unhaili disease, unhails ill
~ pr. kails (sveikas, vientisas).

GYVENVIETĖ

haims [akin to Eng home] : village. Deriv. heiwa- (*) home. Comp. afhaimeis far from home, anahaims home, haimothli home country, heiwafrauja landlord
~ lie. kaimas.

gards (Crim. -gart) [akin to Eng yard] : courtyard. Deriv. garda enclosure, pen, fold, gardja (*) inhabitant. Comp. aurtigards orchard, gardawaldands landlord, ingardja inhabitant, ingards being at home, midjungards orbit, weinagards vineyard, thiudangardi kingdom
~ lie. gardas.

gatwo [akin to Eng gate, Ger Gasse] : lane
~ lie. gatvė.

sauls [akin to Ger Saeule] : pillar
~ lie. šulas.

daur (Crim. thurn) [akin to Eng door] : gate. Deriv. dauri (*) lane, dauro door. Comp. augadauro window, daurawarda gatekeeper, fauradauri lane
~ lie. durys.

hiwi [akin to Eng hue] : shining
~ lie. šviesti, šviesus.

VERSLAS, AMATAI, KITA

arjan [distantly akin to Lat arare] : plough
~ lie. arti, arėjas.

qairnus (*) [akin to Eng quern] : mill. Comp. asiluqairnus millstone
~ lie. girnos.

silubr (Crim. siluir) [akin to Eng silver] : silver. Deriv. silubreins (silubrins) silvern
~ lie. sidabras.

medus (*) [akin to Eng mead] : mead.
~ lie. medus.

KARAS, GINKLUOTĖ

harjis [akin to Ger Heer] : army. Comp. harjabairgo (*) accommodation, harjatuga (*) military leader
~ lie. kariai, kariuomenė.

sarwa [akin to OEng searu] : arm, weapon
~ lie. šarvas, šarvai.

hilms [akin to Ger Helm] : helmet
~ lie. šalmas.

BŪDVARDŽIAI

anthar [akin to Eng other] : other. Deriv. anthar, antharana, anthar, antharis one another, thata anthar otherwise. Comp. antharleikei difference, antharleiko differently, antharleiks (*) different
~ lie. antras.

hwathar [akin to Eng whether] : which. Deriv. hwatharamma each of the two, hwatharuh (*) each of the two. Comp. ainhwatharuh
~ lie. katras.

niujis [akin to Eng new] : new. Deriv. niujan (*) renew, niujitha novelty. Comp. ananiujan renew, ananiujitha renewal, inniujitha renewal, niuklahei Kleinmut, niuklahs newborn, niujasatiths newcomer
~ lie. naujas.

sineigs (seneigs) [akin to Lat senex] : old. Deriv. sinista oldest
~ lie. senas.

hauhs [akin to Eng high] : high. Deriv. hauhaba highly, hauhei height, hauheins height, hauhis higher, hauhista highest, hauhisti peak, hauhitha height, hauhjan lift, hauhnan (*) be high, hiuhma heap. Comp. hauhhairtei arrogance, hauhhairts haughty, hauhthuhts haughty, ufarhauhjan make arrogant, ushauhjan lift, ushauhnan be high
~ lie. aukštas.

auhuma [akin to wahsjan] : higher. Deriv. auhumists highest
~ lie. aukštai, aukštuma.

qius (qiwai, qiwis) [akin to Rus zhivoj] : alive. Deriv. qiujan, qiunan (*) make alive. Comp. anaqiujan resuscitate, gaqiujan make alive, gaqiunan make alive
~ lie. gyvas.

sprauts (*) [akin to Eng sprint] : fast. Deriv. sprauto soon
~ lie. spraunus.

laggs [akin to Eng long] : long. Deriv. laggei length. Comp. laggamodei patience
~ lie. ilgas.

lats [akin to Eng let] : lazy. Deriv. lasiws languid, latei laziness, latjan make lazy, letan let, leths (led-) (*) reward, letnan (*) allow, lets (*) letting. Comp. afletan dismiss, aflets decree, analatjan make languid, andletnan be dismissed, fraletan let free, fralets licence, galatjan hold up, gaunledjan impoverish, unledi poverty, unleths poor, usletan let out
~ lie. lėtas.

SPALVOS IR PAN.

rauths (raud-) [akin to Eng red] : red. Deriv. riuths (riud-) (*) honorable. Comp. gariudan (*) blush, gariudei (*) modesty, gariudi honor, gariudjo shyness, gariuths honorable
~ lie. raudonas.

balths (*) [akin to Eng bold] : bold. Deriv. balthaba boldly, balthei boldness, baltheins (*) boldness, balthjan dare. Comp. thrasabalthei quarrelsomeness, thrasabalths (*) quarrelsome, usbaltheins boldness, usbalths (*) bold, insolent
~ lie. baltas.

VEIKSMAŽODŽIAI

wairthan [akin to Ger werden] : become. Deriv. wairthaba worthy, wairthida merit, wairthana worth, wairthon evaluate, wairths (*) -ward, worth, wardjan (*) wardeins (*) spoilage. Comp. anawairthis, anawairths future, andwairthi present, price, andwairthis opposite, andwairths present, frawairthan perish, framwairthis furthermore, frawardjan spoil, frawardeins spoilage, gawairtheigs peaceful, gawairthi peace, gagawairthjan atone, gagawairthnan be atoned, jaindwairths to there, swultawairthja near to death, unwairthaba unworthy, withrawairths opposite
~ lie. virsti.

aukan [akin to Eng eke] : increase. Deriv. auknan, be increased. Comp. anaaukan, add, biaukan, increase, biauknan, be increased, gaaukan, become complete
~ lie. augti.

waldan [akin to Ger walten] : administer. Comp. allwaldands almighty, gardawaldands landlord, gawaldan rule, waldufni rule
~ lie. valdyti.

hleibjan [akin to Icl hlifa] : protect, care for
~ lie. globti, globoti.

withon [akin to Skt vyathate, sway] : shake
~ lie. vėtyti.

stautan [akin to Eng stint, Ger stossen] : push
~ lie. stumti.

straujan (straw-) [akin to Eng strew] : spread. Comp. gastraujan spread over, ufstraujan present
~ la. straujš, ~a – 1. greitas -a, spartus -i, smarkus -i, veržlus -i, sraunus -i, staigus -i

weihan [akin to Lat vincere, win] : fight. Deriv. waihjo battle, weig (*) battle, wigan war. Comp. andweihan oppose
~ lie. (į)veikti, (pa)veikti.

malan [akin to Ger mahlen] : grind. Deriv. malma sand, malo moth, malwjan (*) crush. Comp. gamalwjan crush
~ lie. malti.

greipan [akin to Eng grip] : grasp. Deriv. grefts (*) order. Comp. fairgreipan grasp, gagrefts order, undgreipan seize
~ lie. griebti.

kriustan [akin to Rus gryzti, gnaw] : gnash. Deriv. krusts crunch
~ lie. griežti, griaužti, krimsti.

skaidan [akin to Eng shed, Ger scheiden] : separate. Deriv. skaideins (*) separation, skaidnan (*) get separated. Comp. afskaidan separate, disskaidan divide, gaskaidan separate, gaskaideins separation, gaskaidnan divorce
~ skaidytis

niuhsjan (*) [akin to Rus njuhati, sniff] : spy. Deriv. niuhseins search. Comp. biniuhsjan search
~ lie. šniukštinėti.

diwan [akin to Eng die] : die. Deriv. dautheins mortal danger, dauthjan kill, dauthnan die, dauths dead, dauthus death, diwans mortal, dojan (*) die. Comp. afdauthjan kill, afdauiths (pl. afdauidai) made to die, dauthubleis going to die, gadauthjan kill, gadauthnan be killed, undiwanei immortality
~ lie. dvėsti.

gildan (*) [akin to Eng yield] : be valid. Deriv. gild tax, interest, gilstr tax. Comp. fragildan retribute, gilstrameleins tax register, kaisaragild interest, usgildan retribute
~ lie. galioti.

weison (*) [akin to Eng wise and wit] : visit. Deriv. waitei god knows, weis (*) wise, weitan (*) see, wis calm at sea, wiss (*) known, certainly, wissei (*) knowing, wita (*) knower, witains (*) observation, witan look, know, witi (*) knowledge, witodeigo right, witoth law, witubni acknowledgement. Comp. atwitains observation, recognition, drauhtiwitoth battle, fairweit (*) curiosity, fraweit revenge, fraweitan avenge, fraweitands avenger, fraweitjan spy around, fraweitl play, fullaweis perfect, fullaweisjan convince, fullawita perfect, gafullaweisjan announce, galiugaweitwods false witness, gaweison visit, hindarweis deceitful, hindarweisei trick, idweit curse, idweitjan curse, inweitan beg, inwitoths legal, mithwiss (*) aware, mithwissei conscience, unfaurweis unthinking, unhindarweis unfeigned, unweis ignorant, unwiss unknown, uncertain, unwita idiot, unwitands not knowing, unwiti stupidity, weitwodei eyewitness, weitwodeins witness, weitwodi witness, weitwoditha testimony, weitwodjan confess, weitwods witness, witodafasteis jurist, witodalaisareis jurist, witodalaus lawless
~ lie. viešėti.

DAIKTAVARDŽIAI

waurd [akin to Eng word] : word. Deriv. waurdahs verbally, waurdei (*) talk. Comp. andawaurdi answer, andwaurdjan answer, aglaitiwaurdei awkward speech, dwalawaurdei stupid talk, filuwaurdei much talk, filuwaurdjan talk too much, gabaurthiwaurd birth register, gawaurdi speech, lausawaurdi idle talk, lausawaurds idly talking, liugnawaurds liar, ubilwaurdjan despise, ubilwaurds calumniator, waurdajiuka dispute
~ lie. vardas.

juk [akin to Eng yoke] : yoke. Deriv. juka (*) mate, juktuzi yoke. Comp. gajuk pair, gajuka (f. gajuko) mate, gajuko conjugation
~ lie. juokas.

nauths (naudi-) (*) (VC) [akin to nauan; cf. Eng need] : need. Deriv. nauthjan force. Comp. ananauthjan force, naudibandi fetters, naudithaurfts needy
~ lie. nauda.

saurga [akin to Eng sorrow] : sorrow. Deriv. saurgan sorrow
~ lie. sargalìngas.

smarna [akin to Eng smear] : excrement
~ lie. smirdėti, smarda.

Pastaba:
(*) = assumed or reconstructed Gothic word
Scholars (among them J. L. L. Tolkien) tried to “revive” the Gothic language by adding new words to the Gothic vocabulary.
This I could find acceptable as far as existing words were used to construct a new form or a new compound.
On the other hand, I deliberately omitted words that have never been shown to exist in Gothic.

András Rajki, GOTHIC DICTIONARY with etymologies (2004)